Current Issue
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ISSN: 2347-6672 IJCNS | Open Access |
Volume 5, Issue-1 (January - February 2017)
ABSTRACT: Yam is an important tuber crop which enhances food security of smallholder rural populations of the developing nations like Ethiopia. It is the basic and traditional food crop for small-and medium-scale farmers who know its traditional agronomic practices within their home gardens. The objective of the present study was to assess traditional agronomic practices of the people in the Abaya Woreda uses to increase the production of Dioscorea species. The study was conducted in Abaya Woreda where three kebeles i.e., Guangua Badiya, Kalaltu and Bochessa were purposively selected based on yam growing habits of the kebeles. Twenty home gardens from the each kebele were selected purposively based up on the Dioscorea farming practices with the guidance of the Developmental Agency (DA). Data to agronomic practice were collected by interview method and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods using by SPSS (Version 16:00) software program. The result shows that two types of yams were exist in the home gardens of representative farmers with the frequency of 45(75%) and 15(25%) where farmers call by their vernacular name as underground Boyina and aerial Boyina respectively. Crops are propagated vegetatively were their frequency is 45(75%) by tuber and vegetatively by bulbils is 10(16.7%). However, 5(8.3%) farmers are experienced to propagate the crops both by vegetatively by tuber and vegetatively by bulbils. Dioscorea highly prefers loam soil type where 41(68.3%) representative farmers are practiced and 11(18.3%) of them uses all types of soils. 34(56.7%) of them apply organic fertilizer and 21(35%) of them do not apply fertilizer to the crop. 27(45%) and 19(31.7%) of the farmers experienced to plant with distances of 1m and 0.5m respectively. 35(58.3%) of them intercrop Dioscorea with other plants and 25(41.7%) of them plant alone i.e., mono crop. Nine of them are practice to plant the crops randomly in everywhere of the land. This may be due to lack of awareness about land use management and importance intercropping system.
KeyWords: Yam, practices, traditional.
How to cite: Itefa Degefa et al. Traditional Agronomic Practices of Yam (Dioscorea Species) in Abaya Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. Int J Chem Natur Sci. 5(1) 2017: 499-503
ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of PCH in the decolouration of MB contaminated aqueous medium. Isotherm experiments were conducted and the data obtained were fitted with different equilibrium isotherm equations namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Harkins –Jura and Halsey isotherm equations. The Freundlich and Halsey isotherm equation gave the best description of the sorption process and the maximum saturated monolayer sorption capacity of the PCH for MB was 81.73 mg g-1. Harkins-Jura isotherm equation gave the poorest description of the sorption process. The kinetics of the sorption process was studied by varying the initial MB concentrations and the result obtained was analyzed by using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, power function and simple Elovich kinetic models. The pseudo second-order kinetic model was found to fit the experimental data for the entire sorption period with high coefficient of determination (r2). The effects of sorbent dose were studied using batch sorption system. The linear form of the Langmuir equation was used to analyze the data obtained when the sorbent dosage was optimized by method of continuous variation. The results obtained showed that the equilibrium monolayer sorption capacity, qm , of the PCH for MB decreased (81.73- 20.68 mg g-1) with an increase in sorbent dosage. The effect of pH optimization on the sorption of MB by PCH was studied and the result revealed that the adsorption of MB on PCH increases with increase in MB solution pH.
KeyWords: Pulverized coffee husk, Decolourisation, sorption, Adsorbent.
How to cite: O. L. Adebayo et al. Pulverized Coffee Husk (PCH) as an Adsorbent in the decolourisation of Methylene Blue contaminated aqueous medium. Int J Chem Natur Sci. 5(1) 2017: 504-511
ABSTRACT: O-Acylation of Alcohols and Phenols was carried out using ionic liquid as catalyst under solvent free condition with acetic anhydride as acylating agent in high yields and short reaction time. The use of safe, mild, relatively non toxic catalyst making reaction condition environmentally benign.
KeyWords: Acylation; Phenols; Alcohols; Acetic anhydride; Solvent free; Ionic Liquid.
How to cite: Manoj A. Pande et al. O-Acylation of Alcohols and Phenols under solvent free Conditions using Ionic liquids as efficient, mild, and environmentally benign catalyst. Int J Chem Natur Sci. 5(1) 2017: 512-515
